Closed Captioning Glossary

Closed Captions
  • Key element: CAN be toggled on/off. 
  • Created AFTER a video is produced/recorded.
  • Should be verbatim (Include stutters, filler words).
  • Will include sound effects and speaker identification when needed.
  • Turned on/off by program or television/hardware. 
Live Captions
  • Key element: Captioning happens at the same time as speaking. 
  • Transcriber is creating text in real-time and displaying that text to the user. 
  • Can be verbatim or meaning for meaning depending on type of live captioning. 
Subtitles
  • Key element: designed for language translation, NOT for people with hearing loss. 
  • Can be a translation of what is being said from one language to another. 
  • Does not necessarily include sound effects & speaker identification.
  • Might be able to toggle on/off.
  • Not controlled by the program or television/hardware, if on a DVD it is controlled by a DVD player. 
Open Captions
  • Key element: CANNOT be toggled on//off.
  • Created AFTER a video is produced/recorded.
  • Should be verbatim.
  • Can include sound effects & speaker identification when needed. 
Auto Generated Captions, Computer Generated Captions, AI Captions, or Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) Captions
  • Key element: captions created by a computer (artificial intelligence).
  • Not considered ADA compliant and are not adequate for use in a course where a student with a closed captioning accommodation is present.
  • The ASR file should be edited and corrected before being used.